Compulsive Behavior A Psychological Explanation

A compulsive behavior is an action that a person feels â€Å"compelled† or driven to do over and over again. While these compulsive actions may appear to be irrational or pointless, and may even result in negative consequences, the individual experiencing the compulsion feels unable to stop him or herself. Key Takeaways: Compulsive Behavior Compulsive behaviors are actions a person feels driven or compelled to do repeatedly, even if those actions appear to be irrational or pointless.A compulsion is different from an addiction, which is a physical or chemical dependence on a substance or behavior.Compulsive behaviors can be physical acts, like repetitive hand washing or hoarding, or mental exercises, like counting or memorizing books.Some compulsive behaviors are symptomatic of the psychiatric condition called Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).Some compulsive behaviors can be harmful when practiced to an extreme. The compulsive behavior can be a physical act, like hand washing or door-locking, or a mental activity, like counting objects or memorizing telephone books. When an otherwise harmless behavior becomes so consuming that it negatively impacts oneself or others, it may be a symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Compulsion vs. Addiction A compulsion is different from an addiction. The former is an overwhelming desire (or sense of physical need) to do something, while an addiction is a physical or chemical dependence on a substance or behavior. People with advanced addictions will continue their addictive behavior, even when they understand that doing so is harmful to themselves and others. Alcoholism, drug abuse, smoking, and gambling are perhaps the most common examples of addictions. Two key differences between compulsion and addiction are pleasure and awareness. Pleasure: Compulsive behaviors, such as those involved in obsessive-compulsive disorder, rarely result in feelings of pleasure, whereas addictions typically do. For example, people who compulsively wash their hands get no pleasure from doing so. By contrast, people with addictions â€Å"want† to use the substance or engage in the behavior because they expect to enjoy it. This desire for pleasure or relief becomes part of the self-perpetuating cycle of addiction as the person suffers the discomfort of withdrawal that comes when they are unable to use the substance or engage in the behavior. Awareness: People with obsessive-compulsive disorders are typically aware of their behaviors and are bothered by the knowledge that they have no logical reason for doing them. On the other hand, people with addictions are often unaware of or unconcerned about the negative consequences of their actions. Typical of the denial stage of addictions, the individuals refuse to admit that their behavior is harmful. Instead, they are â€Å"just having fun† or trying to â€Å"fit in.† Often, it takes a devastating consequence like a drunk-driving conviction, a divorce, or getting fired for persons with addictions to become aware of the realities of their actions. Compulsion vs. Habit Unlike compulsions and addictions, which are acted out consciously and uncontrollably, habits are actions that are repeated regularly and automatically. For example, although we may be aware that we are brushing our teeth, we almost never wonder why we are doing it or ask ourselves, â€Å"Should I be brushing my teeth or not?†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Habits typically develop over time through a natural process called â€Å"habituation,† during which repetitive actions that must be consciously initiated eventually become subconscious and are carried out habitually without specific thought. For example, while as children, we may need to be reminded to brush our teeth, we eventually grow to do it as a matter of habit. Good habits, like tooth-brushing, are behaviors that are consciously and intentionally added to our routines in order to maintain or improve our health or general wellbeing. While there are good habits and bad, unhealthy habits, any habit can become a compulsion or even an addiction. In other words, you really can have â€Å"too much of a good thing.† For example, the good habit of exercising regularly can become an unhealthy compulsion or addiction when done to excess. Common habits often develop into addictions when they result in a chemical dependency, as in the cases of alcoholism and smoking. The habit of having a glass of beer with dinner, for example, becomes an addiction when the desire to drink turns into a physical or emotional need to drink.   Of course, the key difference between a compulsive behavior and a habit is the ability to choose to do them or not. While we can choose to add good, healthy habits to our routines, we can also choose to break old harmful habits. The Home of a Hoarder. Getty Images/Sandy Huffaker Common Compulsive Behaviors While almost any behavior can become compulsive or addictive, some are more common. These include: Eating: Compulsive overeating—often done as an attempt to cope with stress—is the inability to control one’s amount of nutritional intake, resulting in excessive weight gain.Shopping: Compulsive shopping is characterized by shopping done to the extent that it impairs the shoppers’ lives, eventually leaving them financially unable to meet their daily needs or support their families.Checking: Compulsive checking describes the constant checking of things like locks, switches, and appliances. Checking is usually driven by an overwhelming feeling of the need to protect oneself or others from imminent harm.Hoarding: Hoarding is the excessive saving of items and the inability to discard any of those items. Compulsive hoarders often become unable to use rooms in their homes as they were meant to be used and have difficulty moving about the home because of the stored items.Gambling: Compulsive or problem gambling is simply the inability to resist the desire to gamb le. Even when and if they win, compulsive gamblers are unable to stop wagering. Problem gambling typically results in serious personal, financial, and social problems in the person’s life.Sexual Activity: Also known as hypersexual disorder, compulsive sexual behavior is characterized by constant feelings, thoughts, desires, and behaviors about anything related to sex. While the behaviors involved can range from normal sexual behaviors to those that are illegal or considered morally and culturally unacceptable, the disorder can cause problems in many areas of life. As with all mental health issues, persons who believe they may be suffering from compulsive or addictive behaviors should speak to a healthcare professional. When Compulsion Becomes OCD Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a form of anxiety disorder that causes a recurring, unwanted feeling or idea that a certain action must be done repetitively â€Å"no matter what.† While many people compulsively repeat certain behaviors, those behaviors do not interfere with their daily lives and may even help them structure their day in order to complete certain tasks. In persons with OCD, however, these feelings become so consuming that the fear of failing to complete the repeated action causes them to experience anxiety to the point of physical illness. Even when OCD sufferers know their obsessive actions are unnecessary and even harmful, they find it impossible to even consider the idea of stopping them. Most compulsive behaviors attributed to OCD are extremely time-consuming, cause major distress, and impair work, relationships, or other important functions. Some of the more potentially damaging compulsive behaviors often associated with OCD include eating, shopping, hoarding and animal hoarding, skin picking, gambling, and sex. According to the American Psychiatric Association (APA), about 1.2 percent of Americans have OCD, with slightly more women than men affected. OCD often begins in childhood, adolescence or early adulthood, with 19 being the average age at which disorder develops. While they have some characteristics in common, addictions and habits are different from compulsive behaviors. Understanding these differences can help in taking appropriate action or seeking treatment. Sources †What Is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?â€Å" American Psychiatric Associationâ€Å"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.† National Institute of Mental Health.†Habit, Compulsion and Addictionâ€Å" ChangingMinds.org

Diet Cookbook Stop Looking For Those Diets For Losing...

Paleo Diet Cookbook Stop looking for those â€Å"diets for losing weight† books By: Christopher Knox paleo diet recipes-paleo diet recipes for weight loss-paleo diet for beginners-paleo diet recipe book-diets for losing weight-paleo diet plan For more books like this go to: Christopher-Knox Author Page FREE books right now! Free book 1 Free book 2 Free book 3 Free book 4 For more info like this go to: The diabetes cure Introduction In this paleo recipes book we are going to go over some of my very favorite meals that you can prepare. I am a nutritionist and personal trainer so the items I give you, I am giving you with my prior knowledge. My name is Christopher knox and I have been in athletics my entire life. Health and fitness is, by far, my biggest passion and it is why I have made this my career choice. Not only do I love helping people and seeing people reach their goals, but I also like seeing people learn more and become passionate about something I am passionate about. When it comes to cooking you really have to think about who you are cooking for and what reason you are preparing the meal for. Is it just for you? Or is it for you and your family? Are you cooking for taste and pleasure? Or are you cooking simply for the macronutrient and micro nutrient content to further better yourself and reach your goals you have set for personal fitness and health? So many of us as individuals know, for the most part, what we should and shouldn’t be eating yet we stillShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Diabetes Essay2062 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction: 29.1 million people in the United States have diabetes right now.(1). That number continues to rise, but many of those people are unable to find relief. Diabetes symptoms first came to light in 1552 B.C., when an Egyptian physician named Hesy-Ra noticed that there was a mysterious disease that led to frequent urination, and that said urine attracted ants. Moving forward to 150 AD, a Greek physician named Arateus described diabetes as â€Å"the melting down of flesh and limbs into urine†Read MoreThe Problem of Obesity3993 Words   |  16 PagesReasoning and Problem Solving James Reed The Problem of Obesity Obesity is a major problem in American. Year after year, new diets are published, and new medications are hailed as wonder drugs that will take weight off with little physical effort, yet the problem still exists unabated. In testimony before the US Congress, Berzins (2001) asserted that, â€Å"[weight] is a complex result of heredity, culture and lifestyle.† According to Rosin (2004), â€Å"About one-third of the U.S. population is 20Read MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 Pagesago, the manufacturer largely controlled information, retailers are now collecting vast amounts of information and developing models to use it. As a result, there is an increasing focus on margins and efficient use of space. Suppliers, particularly those in the third or fourth market-share position with only modest loyalty levels, are exposed to harsh pressure to provide price concessions. A decade ago, private-label brands were largely limited to low-quality, low-price products unsupported by effectiveRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagessubmit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Whetten, David A. (David Allred) Developing managementRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesdiplomas or appropriate college degrees increasingly will be at a disadvantage, as their employment opportunities are confined to the lowest-paying service jobs. In short, there is a growing gap between the knowledge and skills required by many jobs and those possessed by employees and applicants. Several different studies and projections all point to the likelihood that employers in many industries will have difficulties obtaining sufficiently educated and trained workers. Estimates are that about half

Changing Behavior Case Analysis Free Essays

Changing Behavior Case Analysis Carlissa Tigue Psychology Narketta Sparkman Baker College October 25, 2012 The client, Mrs Freeman has been a drinker for 15 years and she currently drinks a fifth of Vodka a day and a six pack of beer. She is the mother of three girls and three boys. She has developed health issues related to her long term drinking habit. We will write a custom essay sample on Changing Behavior Case Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mrs. Freeman wants to quit drinking for her own health and the health of her children. Classical conditioning could explain Mrs. Freeman’s drinking addition. Her drinking acted as an unconditioned stimulus. As she continued to drink, she craved for more drinks and then stronger drinks this becomes her unconditioned response. Over time social, environmental and psychological influences became the conditioned stimulus for Mrs. Freeman’s drinking habit. When Mrs. Freeman finds herself in certain situations that make her feel uncomfortable her conditioned response is to have a drink. An example of this would be that Mrs. Freeman finds having depending solely on herself stressful, so she has a drink or two or maybe three. Mrs Freeman knows that this is not the behavior she wants to continue but because of classical conditioning (Morris Maisto, p. 153), she continues to drink whenever possible. The negative effects of her drinking are poor health for her and her children. The cost of buying liquid and beer on a regular bases are things Mrs. Freeman wants to stop. Mrs Freeman could use classical conditioning to learn to quit drinking. She also could go to AA meetings and get a sponsor. The meetings would be the unconditioned stimulus (Morris Maisto, p. 154). Every time Mrs. Freeman wants a drink she could go to a meeting or call her sponsor. Mrs. Freeman should pay attention to things that upset her and led her to having a drink. She should continue to go to her AA meetings and talking to her sponsor. In time the continued behavior of going to AA and speaking with her sponsor would become her conditioned stimulus. When Mrs Freeman finds herself in a situation that she cannot handle, she calls her sponsor or attend a meeting, this would become her conditioned response to situation that she cannot handle. Operant Conditioning could also play a part in Mrs. Freeman’s drinking habit. Mrs. Freeman started drinking when she was younger, as she got older she drunk more due to pressure. She continued to drink because she had so much going on, that she could not handle. The good feeling associated with drinking acted as a positive reinforcement, that made her continue her behavior. Now that Mrs. Freeman is grown and all on her own drinking has had a negative effect on Mrs. Freeman’s life. She has gone to work drinking, and been warn not to do it again. This has not stop Mrs. Freeman from drinking, she now just hides her drinking better. Mrs. Freeman knows that if she continues this behavior, she could loss her job. She has been affected by both positive and negative reinforcement (Morris Maisto, p 159). The negative reinforcement of drinking is poor health and the possibility of losing her job. These things have made Mrs. Freeman motivated to quit drinking. Instead of having a drink Mrs. Freeman will call her sponsor or even have a cup of coffee. She will reward herself by buying herself a new dress every time, she doesn’t pick up a drink. Mrs. Freeman is motivated to quit drinking for her health and the health of her children. Cognitive and social learning also play a role in maintain unwanted behaviors (Morris Maisto, p 174). Growing up with a father who was drinking everyday played a part in Mrs. Freeman’s emotional state. She grew up not knowing that the same thing could happen to her. Mrs Freeman saw her father drinking every day, she stole drinks when her father was not around. Mrs. Freeman modified her behavior so that her mother nor father knew she was drinking. Seeing her father get yelled at by her mother led Mrs. Freeman to learning how to not get caught drinking. When she reached adulthood, she had tried to quit drinking on several occasion. She felt that it was something wrong with her. As a young adult just finishing school Mrs. Freeman felt overwhelmed, and the drinking become worst. This type of behavior is known as learned helplessness (Morris Mastio, p. 164). My conclusion is that after speaking with Mrs Freeman, and hearing her story with drinking. Mrs. Freeman will continue to seek help to overcome her addition. With the right people and motivation, she will be fine. Mrs. Freeman will live a productive life in society if she continues to follow the plans that she has set forth. How to cite Changing Behavior Case Analysis, Essay examples

The Stone Age in the 21st Century free essay sample

This is a creative writing sample that examines what the planet Earth might look like to outsiders, hundreds of years after a meteor destroys it. This creative writing essay presents an accounting of a scenario in which a meteor hits the planet Earth, destroying all living things. Hundreds of years after the collision, someone stumbles across what used to be a home, and tries to figure out what the artifacts left in the house were used for before the meteor crash. We arrived on planet Earth this morning and began our expedition with little hope of finding anything useful for our research. Earth has been a dead planet for hundreds of years and we know that there is no life form existing on it. As we begin to disembark however our scout conveyed that he found what appears to be a dwelling form the structure people. The structure people are those who lived here on Earth hundreds of years ago. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stone Age in the 21st Century or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We so named them the structure people because of the structures that they used to live in. The structures are long gone because the elements on Earth have destroyed them but the scout found a location of a former structure in which some things have been preserved.

Why I Want a Wife free essay sample

(The Story of a Politician with a God Complex) I also belong to a classification, a classification known as men. But I am not Just a commonplace man, I am a politician. People may refer to me as a senator or with an affiliation off party but I know I am something greater. What am I you may ask? I am a god. I am omniscient to the worlds suffering, able to answer every mortal problem given. At first I thought changing the world could be done in collaboration, but I thought wrong. I was naive to think that something so insignificant such as teamwork and companionship was vital to the growth of the world but I have experienced something greater. I have experienced true Justice. Companionship is overrated but I do agree in the sense that somebody needs to support you as you go around cleansing the world. After all, it is an arduous venture. We will write a custom essay sample on Why I Want a Wife or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I needed something the world knew as a symbol of comfort, a counterpart to reassure my very existence on this planet. An assistant or maybe a wife who could stay loyal as well as help me purify the world of corruption. In the year 2020, humans should have continued to evolve as the greatest creatures upon this earth, but we were actually regressing. A rotten world. Law, education, even politics, the very field I had pursued was corrupt. Was there anybody around who could correct this world? Someone has to do it, but not alone. If this someone who should be my benevolent assistant is a wife, they should be able to comprehend my ideology and the logic behind my ideals. I want a wife who sits with me and listens to my opinions about the world. Although she should listen, she should also suggest improvements as well. I want a wife who can support me petition-wise as well as endorse me politically. I want a wife who I can trust with secrets. There was once a wife in which was able to listen to me but not able to discuss political matters. She was insignificant to my venture and was tossed aside. I have no need for mortal women, I need a perfect wife by my side in order to help the world prosper exponentially. I want a wife who will take care of me negligently for I too despise a wife who rambles about foolish nonsense. I too want a wife who will listen to me when I explain a critical point I have come across with my divine inspiration. I also want a wife who can Jot down my brainstormed ideas. I am a superior elite, I cannot waste time recording my ideas. I have other issues to attend to. And I want a wife who can understand contemporary world issues in order to understand why I would need to take an action specifically on that issue. I also want a wife who will take care of the social aspect of my life. When I am invited to elite social gatherings, I want my wife to come. Judy Brady may want to hire a baby-sitter, but I do need one. I am a divine being. I do not need kids because they ender my objective and slow me down in purifying the world. When my associates come to my home, it is only natural that my wife should discuss matters along with us; she doesnt need to take care of household duties. She is not one of my maids; she is a divine being as well. Essentially, my wife should be my political double. One who can take care of affairs while I am gone. After all a god is omniscient, and must solve problems around the world. I have a wife but if by any chance I find a more suited wife then I already currently have, I can easily replace her. Wives can be replaceable if they are not divine because I only require a women of use. What good is a wife if she does not work towards the betterment of mankind? I had many wives in the past but at some point, they could not fulfill all of my requirements. Wives who cannot fulfill my requirements are obsolete to me because they are not divine. I only require a goddess next to me, for I am a god. When I find that wife, I can transcend my current ability. I can make the world know I am here, that somebody is going to be passing righteous Judgment on them. I will reign over the world next to my lady; after all she is a transcendent being as well. Although a wife is ideal, she is not necessary. I agree with Judy Brady; a wife is someone that can be useful to help around but I have my doubts. My ideal wife is a goddess making her capable to overthrow me. For the good of man, I must reign over the world as I see fit. Perhaps what I have been seeking is not a wife at all but somebody of other relation to me, a mortal. Who knows? Only time can tell if a wife is the right person for me.

The Ultimate ACT Writing Study Guide Tips, Strategies, and Practice

The Ultimate ACT Writing Study Guide Tips, Strategies, and Practice SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips We've written the best study guide to ACT Writing section and the ACT essay available anywhere. This is a bold statement, but it's not an exaggeration.We have read many, many different ACT prep books and thoroughly studied ACT, Inc’s resources. Based on our research, we believe that this guide is the best resource available by farfor ACT Writing. In this guide, we cover each aspect of the ACT essay in detail, from what kinds of prompts you'll be asked to write abouttothe essential underlying skills the essay prompt is testing.You'll learn the best ACT writing tips and strategies as well as how to get the most out of ACT writing practice and prep. If you're looking for a comprehensive guide to ACT Writing and how to improve your ACT Writing score, you'll find this resource invaluable.By mastering the skills tested, practicing with realistic ACT Writing prompts, and zeroing in on your weak spots, you'll have the tools to dramatically boost your ACT Writing score. I've organized this article into fivedifferent sections,based on the level of detail covered in the articles.We'll start with understanding the general structure of theACT Writing section and having the right mindset for the essay. Next, we'll cover why colleges care about the ACT essay and which colleges require or recommend it. In the third section of this article, we'll go into ACT Writing in more detailand examinethe rubric, prompts, and format. We'll then take a look at how to fit ACT Writing prep into yourstudy plan and how to get the most out ofyour study time for score improvement. Finally, we'llend with a couple of special guides aboutavoiding plagiarism and dealing with ACT Writing scoring issues. We suggest reading this guide in order to start, then using itas a reference page to come back to as you progress in your test prep. ACT Writing: The Basics The articles in this first section of our ultimate ACT Writing Guide introduce you to the ACT essay task and scoring without getting too far into the details.Use these articles to learn the best way to approach the ACT essay. The New Enhanced ACT Writing Test (2016): Complete Guide This article serves as an introduction to ACT Writing test changes that were implemented September 2015. We gointo the difference between the current ACT essayand the previous ACT Writing test, which is great if you took the old ACT Writing and aren't sure what the new one looks like. It's also a helpful general overview of what's in the section and how it differs from other essays you might have written in the past. How Long Is the ACT With Writing? In this guide, we walk you through the layout of the ACT test and how long each of the sections and breaks is. You'll find informationfor regular and extended time, along with tips for dealing with the extreme length of the test and maintaining stamina and focus through the essay. ACT Essay Scoring: Completely Explained Read this guide to get anoverview of the way the ACT essay is scored and a brief discussion of each of the rubric criteria. You'll get a taste of what the essay graders are looking for and high-level advice on how to meet those expectationswith your ACT essay. What Is a Good ACT Writing Score? As with the ACT overall, it's important to have a score goal in mind when you study for ACT Writing. Because the weight placed on ACT Writing scores varies from school to school and schools' average ACT Writing scores are not always in line with their other ACT scores, you'll want to set your ACT Writing score goal based on the specific requirements of the schools you're applying to and nothing else. What's an Average ACT Writing Score? We do the work of keeping up with ACT Writing score data releases and percentile rankings for you and give you the big picture of what it all means in this article. How Do Colleges View ACT Writing? One of the things that distinguishes ACT Writing from the other sections of the ACT is thatyou have the option not to take it every time you take the test.These guides are designed to help you navigate the confusing world of what "optional" means when it comes to the ACT essay. Is ACT Writing Important? Expert Guide It can be a little tricky to figure out what impact ACT Writing has on your college application, particularly since it's not required (or even recommended) by all schools. Read this article to better understand the rationale behind schools requiring ACT Writing and what rolethe ACT essayplays in the college admissions process. Should You Take the ACT With or Without Writing? There are both pros and cons to choosing to take the ACT essay. This article will help youlearn what all the factors are and whether they apply to you. Complete List: Which Colleges Require ACT Writing: 500+ Schools Do you even need to take the ACT with Writing? A lot of whether or not you decide to take theACT with Writing depends upon which colleges you'll be applying to. Find out if the schools you want to get into recommend or require you to take ACT Writing in this article. Understanding ACT Writing Prompts and the ACT Essay Rubric The articles mentioned in this section break down the ACT essay prompt and discuss the different ways to approach writing the essay.Learn what skills are needed to excel on ACT Writing and strategies for developing and sharpening those skills. Follow along with our step-by-step walkthroughs of practice ACT essays and put your new knowledge to work by writing practice essays. How To Attack ACT Essay Prompts and Raise Your Score Dive into the ACT essay with this dissection of how ACT essay prompts are constructed. You'll learn about the three core perspectives and what the implications are for your essay's organization. ACT Writing Prompts: The Complete Guide You'll need to practice with official ACT Writing prompts to truly excel at the ACT essay. This article includes all of the free and public official ACT essay prompts, along with five other prompts I constructed based on those official prompts.I also discuss the core question each prompt is asking and how to preplan examples to use in any ACT essay. How To Get A Perfect 12 on the ACT Writing Essay To get a 12 on the ACT essay, youmustunderstand what the differences are between an almost-perfect and a perfect-scoring essay.I've distilled the essentials of my analysis of the ACT essay into this article. Plus, you'll get advice on what to do and what to avoid doing in your essay. How To Write An ACT Essay: Step Learn how to construct a top-scoring essay, one step at a time, by following along as I go through the planning, organizing, writing, and revising stages of the ACT essay. Try the strategies in this article to streamline your essay planning and writing process. ACT Writing Rubric: Full Analysis and Essay Strategies Get into the nitty-gritty of the scoring rubric and the skills the ACT wants to see displayed in your essay with this article. You'll learn about the four different domains (ideas analysis, development support, organization, and language use) and what you need to do to max out your score in each domain. You'll also discover the most effective ways to use the ACT essay rubric in your own studying. ACT Essay Format and Templates You Can Use Because the prompts and perspectives you'll be asked to write about on the ACT essay fall into predictable categories, it's possible to plan out the structure of your essay ahead of time.Follow our tips for creating your own ACT essay template that you can use and reuse on the actual ACT. ACT Writing Strategies and Tips We've gone over the generalities of the ACT essay, the importanceplaced on ACT Writing by colleges, andthe skills it takes to get a top-scoring ACT essay.The only thing left is tolearn how tosynthesize all that knowledgeinto concrete actions you can take to improve your essay writing. That's where the articles in this sectioncome in. The strategies and tips in thefollowingguides are based on our deep knowledge of ACT Writing. From larger issues like writing a long enough essayto smaller issues like including an introduction and conclusion, the advice we offer is designed to maximize your potential essay score improvement. How Does ACT Essay Length Affect Your Score? The ACT essay doesn't have a specified length, but that doesn't mean you can just answer the question in a few sentences and be done. This article discusses the minimum requirements your essay has to meet to score well and what this means for the length of your essay. ACT Writing Tips: 15 Strategies to Increase Your Essay Score You'll want to make sure you're allocating your time and energy during ACT Writing practice to activities that will yield the greatest score improvement. Read these tips for quick strategies that can have a big impact on your score. Does Messy Handwriting Hurt Your ACT Writing Score? It's unlikely you'll score a zero on the essay because your handwriting is so illegible, but that doesn't mean that messy handwriting can't hurt your essay score in other ways. Find out what the impact of bad handwriting on essay scores really is and strategies to avoid getting into that kind of mess. Pargon/Flickr Avoid ruining your essay score with messy handwriting as expertlyas this cat is avoiding the invisible water being sprayed at him. Special Guides for the ACT Essay The two articles included in this sectiongive special guidance ontwo specific aspects of ACT Writing that are unique to this section of the ACT: plagiarism and systematic scoring errors. Why You Shouldn't Copy Skeleton Templates for the SAT/ACT Essay What's the line for what is and is not acceptable when it comes to using ACT essay templates?I draw upon my essay grading experience and ACT Writing expertise to advise you on how to prepare yourself for the essay without plagiarizing. Think Your New ACT Writing Score Is Wrong? Recent Issues, Explained In this article, wediscuss the issues ACT, Inc. had with the rollout of the new ACT essay in September 2015 including scoring delays, scoring inconsistencies, and student complaints. This guideisanessential read if you're trying to decide whether you want to take the SAT with essay or ACT Plus Writing. Even though some of these issues have been resolved with the essay scoring change implemented September 2016, other issues may still be active and affect your ACT Writing score. What's Next? There's a lot of information to take in from thisguide, becausethere's a lot to understand about ACT Writing if you want to write a high-scoring essay.Reading these articles is just the first stage of your test prep, though. After making your way through all the resources linked to in this guide, you should... Go out and forage for high-quality study materials Diagnose your weaknesses and review your mistakes Stay motivated! Don't forget to review our other great ACT ultimate guides for English, Math, Reading, and Science for even more articles, strategies, and practice! If all the information in this guide is overwhelming you and you're not sure you'll be able to adequately prepare for the ACT essay on your own, consider trying out our ACT prep platform. Builtby Harvard grads, our program learns your individual strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics and then uses that information to customize your prep toyou. Our product alsoincludesscoring and custom feedbackforreal ACT essay prompts. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this ACT Writing lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get your ACT essays hand-graded by a master instructor who will give you customized feedback on how you can improve. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Hitchcock Heroes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hitchcock Heroes - Essay Example He goes ahead to suggest to Guy that they should commit murder to eliminate the ones vexing the others life. He then is seen explaining how difficult it will be for them to be traced since they would be total strangers, therefore, will be no implication of motive(Yanal, 228). A guy does not agree to any of these and calls Bruno crazy but he continues to stalk Guy insisting that Guy had agreed to that plan and that he could not bail out. He calls Guy one day and gives him the address to his house, the room of where he will find his father and how to commit the murder. Guy takes down the details and it seems like he has agreed to the plan. He goes to Bruno’s houseâ€Å" Mr. Anthony! Mr. Antony! Don't be alarmed -- but I must talk to you about your son, about Bruno. Mr. Antony!†. This shows that he is human. He informs Guy that this was all a set up because he sensed that he had a change of heart and that he was still going ahead with the plans of killing Miriam so that Gu y could settle his end of the bargain. Bruno kills Miriam and he now pesters Guy to meet his end of the bargain.In the movie, we can deduce that Guy is our true hero in the film as we can see him further going to the murder scene to confront Bruno and as they struggle on the merry go round. It gets out of control and the merry go round accelerates itself. He is concerned about the small child who is scared of what happening and he dives with the child as the machine falls apart while crushing Bruno. This shows us that he is caring. The police arrive and Bruno is found with the lighter and it frees Guy. In ‘Shadows of a Doubt’ Charlotte Newton is the hero. She is seen to be unhappy with her life and is whining about her father’slife and throughout the film he is always seen to be discussing about murderswith his friend. She is also unhappy because she feels that her mother is overworked. She is seeking for that person who would bring them happiness and thinks of her uncle Charlie. She is caring and seeks to see her family happy. Uncle Charlie coincidentally is also thinking of visiting Santa Rose. Charlotte is very happy when she hearsthis news. She goes to the extent of giving Uncle Charlie her bedroom so that he would be comfortable. Trouble starts when UncleCharlie gives everyone a present in the Dining room except Charlotte, he follows her to the kitchen and

World Trade Organization Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

World Trade Organization - Assignment Example   The WTO provides the framework by which governments create and implement legislation and regulations for domestic trade. It also provides a platform on which countries develop and improve trade relations (Buterbaugh, 2008). The Purpose or Functions of the WTO The main objective of the WTO is to assist in making the flow of trade smooth, free, fair and predictable. It does this by Administering trade agreements The organization is responsible for facilitating the implementation, operation, and attainment of the objectives of the trade agreements (Hajnal, 2001). Acting as a forum for trade negotiations The organization provides its members with a forum for negotiating their multilateral trade relations in accordance with the rules and regulations of WTO. It also provides them with a framework for which they can implement the outcomes of such negotiations as per the decision of the ministerial conference (Hajnal, 2001). Handling trade disputes WTO is responsible for settling any tra de disputes that may exist among its members. It encourages its member states to settle their disputes through consultation. Nations that feel their rights under the agreement are abused can report the dispute to the WTO. The organization can then interpret and analyze the agreements and make a judgment. It also assists its members in an understanding of the rules and regulations governing dispute settlement (Macrory, 2005). Reviewing national trade policies The organization periodically reviews the trade policies in order to improve transparency, understanding of the adopted policies and evaluate the impacts of these policies among its members. The review also acts as constructive feedback on the policies of many member countries (Macrory, 2005). Assisting developing countries in trade policy issues, through technical assistance and training programmes The organization provides provisions that encourage developed nations to assist trade of developing countries. Developing nations a re provided with transition periods to help them adjust to the more difficult provisions of the WTO. In addition, they are also given flexible market access concessions for their products (Macrory, 2005). Cooperating with other international organizations The WTO cooperates with other international organizations such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) to achieve greater coherence in making international economic policies (Hajnal, 2001). Taking a Trade Dispute to the WTO The world trade organization procedures for resolving trade disputes are very important in ensuring that trade occurs smoothly. A dispute only occurs when a member state believes that its rights are violated by another country as per the agreement made in the WTO.  

The process of organizing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The process of organizing - Essay Example Thus, at its core marketing is a transaction or exchange. In this broad sense, marketing consist of activities designed to generate and facilitate exchanges intended to satisfy human or organizational needs and wants. Market-driving companies are able to match customer value opportunities with their capabilities precisely because they drive the structure of the marketplace. As previously indicated, this is achieved by a greater capacity of market-driving firms to influence the behaviours of customers and competitors. Such capacity results from an organizational culture that fosters the creation and implementation of innovations (Dawn Burton, 2005). Market-driving organizations are better able to gain a sustainable competitive advantage by changing the structure or composition of a market and/or behaviours of its players (Dawn Burton, 2005). The market-driving organization is likely to propose offerings more valued by consumers than competitors. In addition, driving markets allows organizations to exploit opportunities that competitors cannot (Robert E. Morgan, Christopher R. Turnell, 2005). Market-driving organizations may achieve greater performance than market-driven organizations by reshaping the structure of the market according to their own competencies and by exploiting the competitors' weaknesses. Market type culture is oriented toward the accomplishment of well-defined goals as well as toward enhancing productivity and efficiency (Gordon E. Greenley, 1996). Market type cultures allow for successful communication of innovations and coordination of activities between departments. The formality of communications and inter-functional coordination facilitates the implementation of innovation

The MCI Project What Message Is Mci Finance Essay

The MCI Project What Message Is Mci Finance Essay MCI would like to enhance Shareholder value by repurchasing outstanding stock, and send a bold signal to market and manager to stimulate the market price per stock to increase. A share buyback (by investing in themselves) instead of paying a cash dividend or, in other words, increasing a regular dividend, could represent an increase in the value of shares still available, this happens in the case that occurs a reduction in the number of shares of stock outstanding. If earnings remain the same but there is less shares outstanding, we can take for granted that the earnings per share might represent a positive NPV, or if the company reduces their number of shares outstanding, then they could increase earnings per share and also can raise the market value of the shares outstanding. However, if the company decides to authorize a repurchase of shares at the price of the book value per share, arguing that the shares are undervalued, then investors could buy those shares at a very low price. What will be the effects of issuing $2 billion of new debt and using the proceeds to repurchase shares on: MCIs shares outstanding? Assumptions: Shares repurchased at $28,92,Æ’Å“ then 69,16 million shares are going to be repurchased back, leaving 611,84 million shares outstanding. Shares repurchased at the current price of $27,75, Æ’Å“then 72,07 million shares can be repurchased and leaves 608,93 million shares outstanding. If there is no repurchase, then shares outstanding remain between 608,93 and 611,84 million (which are the shares outstanding if they were repurchased) as the repurchase price increases from $27,75 to $28,92 (at a Pre or Post repurchase share price). MCIs book value of equity? According to Exhibit 5: Total Current Liabilities = 4870 Long Term Debt = 3444+2000 = 5444 Deferred Taxes and Other = 1385 Stockholders Equity = 9602-2000 = 7602 Repurchase effect on leverage (using D/E ratio as a measurement, and assuming that D refers to Long-Term Debt): Pre D/E = 3444/9602 = 0,359 Post D/E= 5444/7602= 0,716Æ’Å ¸This is the increase of the Debt-Equity ratio to at least twice 36%. We have to remember that Phillips suggested that MCI would need to increase its Debt-Equity ratio from its current level of around 36% to at least twice that, even at that debt level the companys debt-to-cap would be moderate relative to the industry. Supposing that the debt of $2.000 million is Long-Term Debt (LTD); According to Exhibit 2: LTD/ BV (Book Value) of Pre Equity = 0,359 Then: BV of Pre Equity= LTD/0,359 = 3444/0,359 = 9593 BV of Post Equity= 9593* 609/681 = 8579 The price per share of MCI stock? New market Price= (New VOP Old Debt)/Old number of stocks = ($27.537,26 3.944) / 681= 28,8 These is the Data: Old debt 3944,00 new debt 5944,00 NEW VOP $ 23.537,26 oldà £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬n# of stock 681,00 new n# of stock 611,49 Old share mkt price $ 27,75 NEW MKT PRICE $ 28,77 old mkt cap. Equity 18897,75 new mkt cap.Equity 17593,26 FREE CASH FLOW 2714,21 Earnings per share? EPS= Net Income/ Shares Outstanding Assuming the EBIT keeps stable in 1996: Using the cost of debt of MCI shown in exhibit 3. Loan interest level BBB1 Phones based on the interest level of obligations of A1 Phones =((6,26+6,46)/2)= 6,36 Post EPS= (EBIT (Interest Expense + Debt* Cost of debt))*(1-Taxes)/Post Number of shares = (1118-(181+2000*6,36))*(1-0,4))/609 =485,88/609 = 0,80 Using Income statement of 1995 to get the interest rate: EPS= (Income before extraordinary item Debt *(Interest expense/Long Term debt)*Taxes)/Post Number of shares EPS= ($573 $2000 * ($181/$3444) *0,4)/609= 0,87 Using the estimated EPS in exhibit 2: EPS= Net Income / Outstanding = (Estimated 1996 Year End EPS * Outstanding debt* i * (1-T))/ A- outstanding = (1,75 * 681 2000 * 6,36% * (1-0,04))/609 = 1,83 What is MCIs current (pre repurchase) weighted average cost of capital (WACC)? MCIS current WACC =11,88% (See Excel Sheets for explanation) What would you expect to happen to MCIs WACC if it issues $2 billion in debt and uses the proceeds to repurchase shares? If MCI issues $2 billion in debt and uses the proceeds to repurchase share, the cost of equity will increase and the WACC is expected to decrease. The higher WACC is due to the higher leverage ratio. In the MCI case, the market value WACC will be decreased from its original 11.88% to 11.53%, it also have higher value of cooperation, the increased value of the firm makes the stock price going higher level. The following table shows the relationship between corporatevalues of the firm versus WACC. Would you recommend that MCI increase its use of debt? If so, by how much? Yes, it is recommended. From the below sensitivity test, we can see that the optimal WACC is about 10.79% which means 42.25% debt ratio and 57.75 equity ratio. The debit required is 6381.83million, and the book value of corporate will be increased to 14213.42million. Therefore I suggest MCI issue 2.437billion dollars to increase its debt/equity level and maximize the value and stock price. By old Book value after debt T 40.00% 40.00% 40.00% 40.00% 40.00% 40.00% 40.00% 40.00% 40.00% RPm 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% Rrf 5.70% 5.70% 5.70% 5.70% 5.70% 5.70% 5.70% 5.70% 5.70% wd 0.00% 17.27% 20.00% 25.00% 29.12% 35.00% 42.25% 44.90% 45.00% ws 100.00% 82.73% 80.00% 75.00% 70.88% 65.00% 57.75% 55.10% 55.00% D/E 0.00% 20.87% 25.00% 33.33% 41.07% 53.85% 73.17% 81.49% 81.82% Rd 6.03% 6.30% 6.30% 6.30% 6.30% 7.09% 7.09% 7.09% 8.26% bU 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 bL 1.00 1.13 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.32 1.44 1.49 1.49 Rs 12.70% 13.57% 13.75% 14.10% 14.42% 14.96% 15.77% 16.12% 16.13% wacc 12.70% 11.88% 11.75% 11.52% 11.32% 11.21% 10.90% 10.79% 11.10% Corporate Value 12080.78 12908.83 13050.45 13317.68 13546.00 13680.91 14067.11 14213.42 13814.48 Debt 0.00 2228.90 2610.09 3329.42 3944.00 4788.32 5944.00 6381.83 6216.51

Essay example --

The Civil Rights is a very important time in American history. It all began when the African Americans became free from slavery. African Americans began to protest unjust laws and to promote equal rights. African Americans struggled for racial equality in the 1950’s to 1960’s. After the Civil War many southern states continued to treat African Americans as second class citizens. The Jim Crow Laws was formed to keep Black people separated from white people. The United States Supreme Court struck down segregation in the public schools in 1954. Segregation was every where, African Americans had to drink out of separate water fountains, use separate bathrooms, sit in the back of the bus, and many other things. This put the African American population economically and politically powerless. The movement therefore addressed primarily three areas of discrimination: education, voting rights, and social segregation. The Jim Crow Laws passed in the south that kept black people separate from white people. This law caused social segregation in schools, restaurants, restrooms, and transportation. Also African Americans were not allowed to go to beaches, swimming pools, parks, and many hospitals. This created a racial an exclusive social class system in America. By 1914 the laws created two sides one black and one white. The African Americans could not ride together in the same rail car, and sit and the same theatre. There were laws enforced to prevent African Americans from voting. During the 1900’s African Americans started to protest the Jim Crow Laws that forced segregation. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People also known as the NAACP was formed, several African Americans leaders like... ...changes in the way African Americans were treated in America. It wasn't just that he became the leader of the civil rights movement that made him so unique it was the way he led the movement. Martin Luther King Jr. advocated civil disobedience, the Civil Rights activists organized demonstration, marches, boycotts, strikes, and voter registration drives. The results of the civil rights movement made possible for more freedom in the united states during slavery and segregation. Many people have made great sacrifices for the fight of civil rights. The civil rights movement has also meant that African Americans and other ethnic minorities have equal rights and can now have equal opportunities as white people this is highlighted by obama being the president of america when 50 years ago he would have not have go to the same school as the white people. Essay example -- The Civil Rights is a very important time in American history. It all began when the African Americans became free from slavery. African Americans began to protest unjust laws and to promote equal rights. African Americans struggled for racial equality in the 1950’s to 1960’s. After the Civil War many southern states continued to treat African Americans as second class citizens. The Jim Crow Laws was formed to keep Black people separated from white people. The United States Supreme Court struck down segregation in the public schools in 1954. Segregation was every where, African Americans had to drink out of separate water fountains, use separate bathrooms, sit in the back of the bus, and many other things. This put the African American population economically and politically powerless. The movement therefore addressed primarily three areas of discrimination: education, voting rights, and social segregation. The Jim Crow Laws passed in the south that kept black people separate from white people. This law caused social segregation in schools, restaurants, restrooms, and transportation. Also African Americans were not allowed to go to beaches, swimming pools, parks, and many hospitals. This created a racial an exclusive social class system in America. By 1914 the laws created two sides one black and one white. The African Americans could not ride together in the same rail car, and sit and the same theatre. There were laws enforced to prevent African Americans from voting. During the 1900’s African Americans started to protest the Jim Crow Laws that forced segregation. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People also known as the NAACP was formed, several African Americans leaders like... ...changes in the way African Americans were treated in America. It wasn't just that he became the leader of the civil rights movement that made him so unique it was the way he led the movement. Martin Luther King Jr. advocated civil disobedience, the Civil Rights activists organized demonstration, marches, boycotts, strikes, and voter registration drives. The results of the civil rights movement made possible for more freedom in the united states during slavery and segregation. Many people have made great sacrifices for the fight of civil rights. The civil rights movement has also meant that African Americans and other ethnic minorities have equal rights and can now have equal opportunities as white people this is highlighted by obama being the president of america when 50 years ago he would have not have go to the same school as the white people.